Visual Testing (VT) Practice Exam

What is the term for the visual imperfections that appear on the surface of a weld?

1. Weld spatter.

2. Defects.

3. Inclusions.

4. Undercuts.

The correct answer is: Defects.

The term that accurately describes the visual imperfections appearing on the surface of a weld is "defects." Defects encompass various types of irregularities or flaws that can significantly affect the integrity and quality of a weld. These could include issues such as incomplete fusion, porosity, cracks, and misalignment, among others. Defects can compromise the weld's strength and durability, making detection and rectification vital during the welding process. Weld spatter refers to small droplets of molten material that can scatter onto the work surface during the welding process; while it may affect appearance, it's not a comprehensive term for all types of imperfections. Inclusions are foreign materials that become trapped within the weld, and while they contribute to the defectiveness of a weld, they are specific types of defects rather than a general term. Undercuts are a specific type of defect that involves melting away material at the edge of the weld, creating a groove; they represent only one form of imperfection rather than the broader category of defects. Thus, referring to these visual imperfections as defects accurately captures the range of issues that can arise in welded joints.